Terrain correction in moderate topography is shown on the right, in mountainous terrain below.Ĭorrection of geometric distortion is sometimes called orthorectification, especially for processing of optical imagery. Mountains that look as if they have fallen over toward the sensor are corrected in their shape and geolocation. Terrain correction moves image pixels into the proper spatial relationship with each other. The distortions are induced by side-looking (rather than straight-down looking or nadir) imaging, and compounded by rugged terrain. Terrain correction is the process of correcting geometric distortions that lead to geolocation errors. This is attributable to different vegetation types: deciduous trees on the southern slopes, and conifers such as white and black spruce on the northern slopes. Interestingly, the northern slopes stay dark. After correction the southern slopes have a more uniform appearance. In the image on the right, southern slopes are initially bright, northern slopes are dark. For example, the correction eliminates bright backscatter caused by radar reflection from steep slopes, leaving only the backscatter that reveals surface characteristics such as vegetation and soil moisture. Radiometric correction involves removing the misleading influence of topography on backscatter values.
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